日・韓受動文の形式と意味の相関性について

Abstract

This paper is a study about passive form in passive sentences and correlation between meaning types in passive sentences. Japanese and Korean are obviously different in how to realize grammatical meaning in grammatical form. In case of Japanese, a productive form is in chare of a grammatical category or a number of grammatical categories. Contrastively, Korean is a language that one grammatical category can realized in several forms. The table below is an organization of types of passive sentences based on classification of meaning types of Japanese passive sentences.

Type of Passive Sentence Grammatical Passive Form lexical Passive Form General Verb Chinese Character Verb Direct Passive Sentence i-form − batta-form danghada-form Possesive Passive Sentence i-form − − Indirect Passive Sentence jida-form doeda-form −

Korean passive sentences select different passive forms according to meaning types of passive sentence, whether the subject is animated or not, and kind of verbs. Also, passive form which has lexical meaning is variously developed. In other words, there are passive forms that represent derived, syntactic, and lexical form and they express various passive meanings.