Target proteins of phloretin for its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities against propionibacterium acnes-induced skin infection
- Authors
- Cheon, D.; Kim, J.; Jeon, D.; Shin, H.-C.; Kim, Y.
- Issue Date
- Apr-2019
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Keywords
- Antimicrobial activity; Inflammation; Phloretin; Plant natural product; Propionibacterium acnes
- Citation
- Molecules, v.24, no.7
- Journal Title
- Molecules
- Volume
- 24
- Number
- 7
- URI
- http://scholarworks.bwise.kr/ssu/handle/2018.sw.ssu/34343
- DOI
- 10.3390/molecules24071319
- ISSN
- 1420-3049
- Abstract
- Phloretin is a natural chalcone with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated the anti-acne activity of phloretin against Propionibacterium acnes-induced skin infection and the potential target proteins of its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. Phloretin potently inhibited the growth of P. acnes and P. acnes-induced Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2-mediated inflammatory signaling in human keratinocytes. Secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase assay confirmed that the anti-inflammatory activity of phloretin is associated with the P. acnes-stimulated TLR2-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway. Phloretin significantly decreased the level of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), showing a binding affinity of 1.184 × 10−5 M −1 . We also found that phloretin binds with micromolar affinity to P. acnes β-ketoacyl acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthase III (KAS III), an enzyme involved in fatty acid synthesis. Conformation-sensitive native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that phloretin reduced KAS III-mediated 3-ketoacyl ACP production by over 66%. A docking study revealed that phloretin interacts with the active sites of JNK1 and KAS III, suggesting their involvement in P. acnes-induced inflammation and their potential as targets for the antibacterial activity of phloretin. These results demonstrate that phloretin may be useful in the prevention or treatment of P. acnes infection. © 2019 by the authors.
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Collections - College of Natural Sciences > School of Systems and Biomedical Science > 1. Journal Articles
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