Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosed Before Age 50 Years According to Tumor Location
- Authors
- Jin, Eun Hyo; Han, Kyungdo; Lee, Dong Ho; Shin, Cheol Min; Lim, Joo Hyun; Choi, Yoon Jin; Yoon, Kichul
- Issue Date
- Sep-2022
- Publisher
- W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
- Keywords
- Earlier-Onset Colorectal Cancer; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Waist Circumference; Epidemiology
- Citation
- GASTROENTEROLOGY, v.163, no.3, pp.637 - 648.e2
- Journal Title
- GASTROENTEROLOGY
- Volume
- 163
- Number
- 3
- Start Page
- 637
- End Page
- 648.e2
- URI
- http://scholarworks.bwise.kr/ssu/handle/2018.sw.ssu/43456
- DOI
- 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.05.032
- ISSN
- 0016-5085
- Abstract
- BACKGROUND & AIMS: The increasing prevalence of obesity at younger ages is concurrent with an increased earlier-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) (before age 50 years) incidence, particularly left-sided colon cancer. We investigated whether obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are associated with increased earlier-onset CRC risk according to tumor location. METHODS: Our nationwide population-based cohort study enrolled 9,774,081 individuals who underwent health checkups under the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2009 to 2010, with follow-up until 2019. We collected data on age, sex, lifestyle factors, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, and laboratory findings. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed. RESULTS: A total of 8320 earlier-onset and 57,257 later-onset CRC cases developed during follow-up. MetS was associated with increased earlier-onset CRC (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.14-1.27), similar to later-onset CRC (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.17-1.21). The adjusted hazard ratios for earlier-onset CRC with 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 MetS components were 1.07 (95% CI, 1.01-1.13), 1.13 (95% CI, 1.06-1.21), 1.25 (95% CI, 1.16-1.35), 1.27 (95% CI, 1.15-1.41), and 1.50 (95% CI, 1.26-1.79), respectively (P for trend < .0001). We found that higher body mass index and larger waist circumference were significantly associated with increased earlier-onset CRC (P for trend <.0001). These dose-response associations were significant in distal colon and rectal cancers, although not in proximal colon cancers. CONCLUSIONS: MetS and obesity are positively associated with CRC before age 50 years with a similar magnitude of association as people diagnosed after age 50 years. Thus, people younger than 50 years with MetS require effective preventive interventions to help reduce CRC risk.
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