PLGA 미립구를 이용한 새로운 단회 접종 항원 전달 시스템의 개발

Abstract

A promising approach to the development of a new single-step vaccine, which would eliminate the requirement for multiple injections, involves the encapsulation of antigens into microspheres. Biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres gave us a bright insight for controlling antigen release in a pulsatile fashion, thereby mimicking two or three boosting injections. However, in spite of the above merits, the level of immunization induced by a single-shot vaccination is often lower than two doses of alum-adsorbed antigen. Therefore, optimal modification of the microsphere is essential for the development of single-step vaccines. In this review, we discuss the stability of antigen in microsphere, safety and non-toxic in human and encapsulation technology. Also, we attempted to outline relevant physicochemical properties on the immunogenicity of microsphere vaccine and attainment of pulsatile release pattern by combination of different microsphere, as well as to analyze immunological data associated with antigen delivery by microsphere. Although a lot of variables are related to the optimized microsphere formulation, we could conclude that judicious choice of proper polymer type, adjustment of particles size, and appropriate immunization protocol along with a suitable adjuvant might be a crucial factor for the generation of long-lasting immune response from a single-step vaccine formulation employing PLGA microsphere.