미국의회 여성후보자들의 선거운동, 정치적 경력, 남성지배 현직이익에 따른 불이익: 편견과 진실

Abstract

Byoung-Kwon SohnThis article aims at reviewing the U.S. female candidates' campaign style, political experience, and the electoral disadvantage caused by male-dominated incumbency. For this research purpose, this article attempts to answer the following questions. First, do we see any differences between the campaign modes of male and female candidates? Second, is there any considerable difference in terms of political experience between male and female candidates? Third, how is the incumbency, which has been dominated by male congressmen, related to the slow growth of the number of female congressmen? On these questions, this article comes to the following conclusions. First, female candidates excel or do at least as well as male candidates in terms of name recognition, voter contact, etc. Second, the elected female members of House are not inferior to the elected male members of House in terms of political career when the political career is measured by whether or not the elected members had previous representative experience in the state legislature. Finally, the low level of female representation in the Congress is largely due to the incumbency status overwhelming held by male Congressmen.