세계화와 문화다양성

Abstract

The globalization of international exchanges is leading to the integration of a diversity of multicultural exchanges in almost all national contexts. This is not to ignore the negative impacts of globalizing forces on the diversity of cultural practices. One of the main effects of globalization is to attenuate the link between a cultural phenomenon and its geographic location by transporting distant events, experiences into our immediate vicinity. In some cases, such attenuation is experienced as a source of opportunity; in others, as a loss of certainty and identity. Increasing intercultural contacts are also giving rise to new forms of cultural diversity and linguistic practices, particularly due to advances in digital technology. Thus, rather than attempting to preserve diversity in all its forms, the focus should be on devising new strategies that take account of such changes. Every living tradition is subject to continual self-reinvention. Cultural diversity, like cultural identity, is about innovation, creativity and receptiveness to new influences. UNESCO has played a leading role in the formulation, promotion and implementation of many normative and other instruments for cultural diversity. The most important instruments among them are the 2001 Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity and the 2005 Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions. In addressing the exchanges between the cultures that constitute our universal heritage, the 2005 Convention aims to preserve the specificities of cultures while promoting their development on a global scale through interaction and commercialization.