Comparison of different energy response for lipolysis using a 1,060-nm laser: An animal study of three pigs

Abstract

Background Non-invasive body-sculpting procedures are becoming increasingly popular. The application of 1,060 nm of laser energy transcutaneously to hyperthermically induce the disruption of fat cells in the abdomen is a type of non-invasive procedure. Aims The purpose of this study was to compare the treatment results from two parameters of the same system, each with different energy output levels, in an in vivo porcine model to determine the most effective application. Methods Female pigs (n = 3) were used in this study. We examined the effects of the treatment using photography, ultrasonography, gross and microscopic pathology, and histological examination in order to determine the mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety of the procedure. Blood chemistry analysis was performed before each session to check lipid levels and to monitor for any adverse changes in markers that may indicate liver damage. Biopsies were taken and routinely processed with hematoxylin and eosin and Oil Red O stains to examine for tissue damage at baseline and after each treatment. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays were performed to check for apoptotic-related DNA damage. Results Ultrasonic imaging of the same area before and after the application of 1,060 nm of laser energy at outputs of 0.9 and 1.4 W/cm(2)showed that the density of the fat layer changed immediately after irradiation due to the transient heat transfer in the fat layer. Preclinical evaluation was performed to obtain comparison data on the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous fat reduction after applying the different energy outputs of 0.9 and 1.4 W/cm(2). Conclusion Based on our findings, we suggest that long-term histologic changes through the use of these devices suggest a comparative effectiveness of the treatment energy.