Nicotine Dependence and Stress Susceptibility in E-Cigarette Smokers: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2017
- Authors
- Kim, Jae Yeol; Kang, Hye Seon; Jung, Jae-Woo; Jung, Sun Young; Park, Hye Jung; Park, Jong Sook; Park, Joo Hun; Lee, Sang Haak; Chun, Eun Mi; Park, Dong Il; Park, Jisook; Choi, Hye Sook
- Issue Date
- Apr-2021
- Publisher
- 대한결핵및호흡기학회
- Keywords
- E-cigarette; Nicotine Dependence; Stress Susceptibility
- Citation
- Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, v.84, no.2, pp 159 - 166
- Pages
- 8
- Journal Title
- Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
- Volume
- 84
- Number
- 2
- Start Page
- 159
- End Page
- 166
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/cau/handle/2019.sw.cau/54401
- DOI
- 10.4046/trd.2020.0166
- ISSN
- 1738-3536
2005-6184
- Abstract
- Background: E-cigarettes are steadily gaining popularity in Korea. However, the characteristics of e-cigarette smokers, especially nicotine dependence and stress susceptibility, have not been evaluated in comparison to those of non smokers or combustible cigarette smokers in Korea.
Methods: In this study, 28,059 participants from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013– 2017) were classified into the following three groups: non-smokers, smokers (current smokers and ex-smokers of combustible cigarettes only), and e-smokers (current smokers and ex-smokers of e-cigarettes regardless of combustible cigarette use).
Results: Among the participants, 16,980 (60.5%), 9,247 (33.0%), and 1,832 (6.4%) subjects were non-smokers, smokers, and e-smokers, respectively. E-smokers were younger, more educated, and had a higher household income than non smokers or smokers. The number of e-smokers who smoked within 5 minutes of waking up (31.5% vs. 19.8%, p<0.001) and who planned to quit smoking within 6 months (39.1% vs. 35.7%, p<0.05) was greater than that of smokers. E-smokers perceived stress as “very much” (7.0% vs. 4.4%, p<0.001) and “a lot” (29.1% vs. 20.5%, p<0.001) compared to non-smokers.
Suicidal ideation (6.5% vs. 4.7%, p<0.001), plans (2.4% vs. 1.3%, p<0.001), and attempts (1.1% vs. 0.5%, p<0.001) were higher in e-smokers than in non-smokers. Depressive episodes in 1 year (14.2% vs. 11.4%, p<0.05) and suicidal plans (2.4% vs. 1.8%, p<0.05) were more frequent among e-smokers than among smokers.
Conclusion: E-smokers were younger, more educated, and had a higher income, but they were more dependent on nicotine and susceptible to stress than non-smokers and smokers. Smoking cessation counseling should be tailored according to the characteristics of e-smokers.
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