The Efficacy of a Smartphone-Based App on Stress Reduction: Randomized Controlled Trial
- Authors
- Hwang, H.; Kim, S.M.; Netterstrøm, B.; Han, Doug Hyun
- Issue Date
- Feb-2022
- Publisher
- NLM (Medline)
- Keywords
- digital therapeutics; individual tailored treatment; randomized controlled trial; stress reduction; third-wave cognitive behavioral therapy
- Citation
- Journal of medical Internet research, v.24, no.2
- Journal Title
- Journal of medical Internet research
- Volume
- 24
- Number
- 2
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/cau/handle/2019.sw.cau/55337
- DOI
- 10.2196/28703
- ISSN
- 1438-8871
- Abstract
- BACKGROUND: Stress management in the workplace is essential for a healthy mental and physical state. Due to technological advancements, individually tailored therapy and online cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are on the rise. OBJECTIVE: This study analyzed the efficacy of a smartphone app based on third-wave CBT tailored to an individual. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 126 participants who were divided into 2 groups. The intervention group used the smartphone app BetterLife for 10 weeks, while the control group was placed on a waiting list for the same duration. The Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS), Korean Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9 (UWES), World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were administered at baseline and after 10 weeks to both groups. RESULTS: Of the 126 participants, 11 dropped out during the trial. A 2-way repeated measure analysis of covariance was conducted, controlling for baseline BDI. There were greater improvements in PSS (F=24.33, P<.001, η2=0.17) and UWESK scores (F=8.32, P=.0046, η2=0.06) in the intervention group than in the control group. WHOQOL scores exhibited statistically significant improvement in the intervention group in the overall quality of life (F=8.19, P=.0049, η2=0.06), physical health (F=8.87, P=.003, η2=0.07), psychological health (F=13.32, P<.001, η2=0.10), social relationships (F=19.43, P<.001, η2=0.14), and environmental domains (F=10.14, P=.002, η2=0.08) but not overall health (F=1.68, P=.20). BDI (F=7.17, P=.008, η2=0.06) and BAI (F=6.00, P=.02, η2=0.05) showed a statistically significant improvement in the intervention group, but this significance did not survive the Bonferroni correction (P<.005). CONCLUSIONS: These results provide evidence that smartphone-based CBT is a viable option for reducing stress in the workplace. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical Research Information Service KCT0003231; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/15137. ©Hyunchan Hwang, Sun Mi Kim, Bo Netterstrøm, Doug Hyun Han. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 15.02.2022.
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