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Toward a Universal Unit for Quantification of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Environmental Samples
- Authors
- Yin, Xiaole; Chen, Xi; Jiang, Xiao-Tao; Yang, Ying; Li, Bing; Shum, Marcus Ho-Hin; Lam, Tommy T. Y.; Leung, Gabriel M.; Rose, Joan; Sanchez-Cid, Concepcion; Vogel, Timothy M.; Walsh, Fiona; Berendonk, Thomas U.; Midega, Janet; Uchea, Chibuzor; Frigon, Dominic; Wright, Gerard D.; Bezuidenhout, Carlos; Picão, Renata C.; Ahammad, Shaikh Z.; Nielsen, Per Halkjær; Hugenholtz, Philip; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.; Corno, Gianluca; Fatta-Kassinos, Despo; Bürgmann, Helmut; Schmitt, Heike; Cha, Chang-Jun; Pruden, Amy; Smalla, Kornelia; Cytryn, Eddie; Zhang, Yu; Yang, Min; Zhu, Yong-Guan; Dechesne, Arnaud; Smets, Barth F.; Graham, David W.; Gillings, Michael R.; Gaze, William H.; Manaia, Célia M.; van Loosdrecht, Mark C. M.; Alvarez, Pedro J. J.; Blaser, Martin J.; Tiedje, James M.; Topp, Edward; Zhang, Tong
- Issue Date
- Jun-2023
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society
- Keywords
- ARG copy per cell; long-read sequencing; metagenomics; one-health; standardization
- Citation
- Environmental Science and Technology, v.57, no.26, pp 9713 - 9721
- Pages
- 9
- Journal Title
- Environmental Science and Technology
- Volume
- 57
- Number
- 26
- Start Page
- 9713
- End Page
- 9721
- ISSN
- 0013-936X
1520-5851
- Abstract
- Surveillance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) has been increasingly conducted in environmental sectors to complement the surveys in human and animal sectors under the One-Healthframework. However, there are substantial challenges in comparing and synthesizing the results of multiple studies that employ different test methods and approaches in bioinformatic analysis. In this article, we consider the commonly used quantification units (ARG copy per cell, ARG copy per genome, ARG density, ARG copy per 16S rRNA gene, RPKM, coverage, PPM, etc.) for profiling ARGs and suggest a universal unit (ARG copy per cell) for reporting such biological measurements of samples and improving the comparability of different surveillance efforts. © 2023 American Chemical Society.
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