Sex-specific risk factors associated with graves’ orbitopathy in Korean patients with newly diagnosed graves’ diseaseopen access
- Authors
- Lee, J.; Kang, J.; Ahn, H.Y.; Lee, J.K.
- Issue Date
- Nov-2023
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- Citation
- Eye (Basingstoke), v.37, no.16, pp 3382 - 3391
- Pages
- 10
- Journal Title
- Eye (Basingstoke)
- Volume
- 37
- Number
- 16
- Start Page
- 3382
- End Page
- 3391
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/cau/handle/2019.sw.cau/68243
- DOI
- 10.1038/s41433-023-02513-z
- ISSN
- 0950-222X
1476-5454
- Abstract
- Objective: To assess sex-specific risk factors for Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) in newly diagnosed Graves’ disease (GD) patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Service’s sample database, which consisted of 1,137,861 subjects from 2002 to 2019. The international classification of disease-10 codes was used to identify those who developed GD (E05) and GO (H062). A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the effect of risk factors on GO development. Results: Among 2145 male and 5047 female GD patients, GO occurred in 134 men (6.2%) and 293 women (5.8%). A multivariable Cox regression model revealed that GO development was significantly associated with younger age (HR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.73–0.98), low income (HR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.35–0.86), and heavy drinking (HR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.10–2.90) in men, and with younger age (HR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81–0.98), lower body mass index (HR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.33–0.90), high total cholesterol (HR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01–1.06), hyperlipidaemia (HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.02–1.85), and lower statin dose (HR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.22–0.62) in women. There was no association between smoking and GO development in both men and women. Conclusions: The risk factors for GO development were sex-dependent. These results show the need for more sophisticated attention and support considering sex characteristics in GO surveillance. © 2023, The Author(s).
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