Sintering temperature dependent piezoelectric properties of (Bi,Na)TiO3-(Ba,Sr)TiO3 ceramics

Abstract

In this paper, the strain and piezoelectric properties of lead-free piezoelectric (100 x)(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-x(Ba0.5Sr0.5)TiO3 (x=0, 3, 6, 8, 12, 15, 18 wt%) ceramics were investigated for sintering temperatures ranging from 1125 to 1225 degrees C to determine the optimized processing conditions. The optimized (100-x)(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-x(Ba0.5Sr0.5)TiO3 ceramics exhibited a high relative dielectric permittivity er of 1608, piezoelectric charge coefficient d(33) of 155 pC/N, electromechanical coupling factor k(p) of 38.5%, and the generated electric power of 25.7 nW/cm(2), respectively. Especially, the electric field dependent strains of (100-x)(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-(Ba0.5Sr0.5)TiO3 ceramics were also measured and analyzed, and various types of strain effects were observed and analyzed. Our studies suggest that optimized sintering temperature and optimized barium strontium titanate content can enhance the piezoelectric properties of lead-free (100-x)(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-(Ba0.5Sr0.5)TiO3 ceramics. As a result, the optimized composition was 88(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-12(Ba0.5Sr0.5)TiO3, which sintered at 1200 degrees C. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.