Advancing organic electronics: Achieving reliable synthesis of conjugated polymers with various carrier polarities using a continuous flow reactor
- Authors
- Kim, Youngrok; Lee, Chanseo; Seo, Dongyeol; Kim, Donguk; Kim, Felix S.; Peterson, Gregory I.; Hwang, Ye-Jin
- Issue Date
- Jan-2024
- Publisher
- Elsevier B.V.
- Keywords
- Continuous flow reactor; D-A conjugated polymer; Flow chemistry; Organic electronic; Stille polycondensation
- Citation
- Chemical Engineering Journal, v.480
- Journal Title
- Chemical Engineering Journal
- Volume
- 480
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/cau/handle/2019.sw.cau/71857
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.cej.2023.148016
- ISSN
- 1385-8947
1873-3212
- Abstract
- Donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated polymers often exhibit excellent performance in electronic and photonic applications, however, their synthesis remains a hurdle to achieving their wide-spread commercialization. While scalable and reproducible flow syntheses have emerged as promising candidates to address this issue, they have only been applied to a narrow scope of polymer types. In this study, we explore the synthesis of six different D-A conjugated polymers in a continuous flow reactor to determine how reaction and polymer parameters influence the degree of polymerization (DP) and quality of the resulting polymers. We found that we could successfully synthesize p-type, n-type, and ambipolar D-A conjugated polymers with a single set of reaction parameters. Only the reaction time required optimization to achieve high-DPs. Importantly, we found that we could achieve comparable DPs to batch reactions, but with higher yields and much shorter reaction times. High-quality polymers were also obtained, which was confirmed with optical and electrochemical properties measurements and by their performance in organic field-effect transistors. We expect this work to further establish flow synthesis as an ideal method to make D-A conjugated polymers, which may help facilitate their commercialization in high-performing organic devices. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.
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