Glucose-lowering effect of Reducose® enriched with 1-deoxynojirimycin and L-leucine: Studies on insulin secretion in INS-1 cells and reduction of blood glucose in diabetic ratsopen access
- Authors
- Lee, Dahae; Baek, Ji Yun; Choi, Ye Jung; Han, Min Ji; Kim, Seon Hwa; Kim, Tae Hoon; Lee, Sanghyun; Kang, Ki Sung
- Issue Date
- Feb-2024
- Publisher
- Elsevier Ltd
- Keywords
- 1-Deoxynojirimycin; Glucose; Insulin secretion; L-leucine; Reducose®
- Citation
- Heliyon, v.10, no.3
- Journal Title
- Heliyon
- Volume
- 10
- Number
- 3
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/cau/handle/2019.sw.cau/72778
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25499
- ISSN
- 2405-8440
2405-8440
- Abstract
- The extract of mulberry leaf and its active ingredients have already been reported to have anti-diabetic effects; however, further studies are required to obtain better quality extracts and higher yields of active ingredients. Reducose® is a commercially available aqueous extract of mulberry leaves with a high content of active ingredients. In this study, the biological activities of Reducose®, 1-deoxynojirimycin, and L-leucine were evaluated using a glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) assay. The GSIS assay results were expressed as the glucose-stimulated index (GSI). Considering the pharmacological safety in pancreatic β-cells, the appropriate non-toxic concentrations were selected by screening for cytotoxicity of Reducose®, 1-deoxynojirimycin, and L-leucine before the GSIS assay. The effect of Reducose®, 1-deoxynojirimycin, and L-leucine on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in INS-1 cells was compared. Reducose®, 1-deoxynojirimycin, and L-leucine increased the GSI values more effectively than gliclazide (positive control). This was associated with an increase in protein expression, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, insulin receptor substrate-2, activated pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1, which are related to the regulation of pancreatic β-cell function and survival. In order to elucidate the effect of Reducose® in anti-diabetic effects, blood glucose levels, insulin levels, and liver and lipid concentrations were investigated in a Sprague-Dawley rat model of high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetes. We observed that administration of Reducose® can decrease fasting blood glucose levels and reduce the production of AST, ALT, TG, and TC to a similar extent as metformin (positive control). These results suggested that Reducose® play a role in promoting GSIS but not enough to show that the content and proportion of 1-deoxynojirimycin and L-leucine play an important role in the GSIS activity of Reducose®. © 2024 The Author(s)
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