학생선수 스포츠 트라우마 경험 탐색

Abstract

본 연구는 대학 스포츠 선수들의 트라우마 원인과 증상, 극복방법을 탐색하는데 목적이 있다. 1단계는 대학 축구, 농구, 야구선수 88명을, 2단계는 대학 축구선수 95명을 선정하여 트라우마 경험과 심각 정도, 원인과 극복유무에 대해 빈도 분석을 실시하고 chi-square와 교차분석을 통해 그 차이를 검증하였다. 추가로 트라우마의 증상과 극복방법에 대해 개방형 자료조사와 귀납적 내용분석을 통해 양적, 질적 결과를 상호보완적으로 제시하였다. 나타난 결과 첫째, 트라우마 경험은 야구선수들이 86.6%로 가장 높았고, 심각성 정도는 축구선수들이 30.4%로 가장 높았다. 부상으로 인한 트라우마는 축구와 농구, 야구 순으로 나타났고 농구는 대인관계, 야구는 다양한 상황으로 인한 트라우마 경험 비율이 높았다. 둘째, 대학 축구선수의 80%가 트라우마를 경험했고, 심각하다고 답한 선수가 25.2%, 트라우마를 극복하지 못했다고 답한 선수도 59.2%나 되었다. 선수들이 겪은 트라우마 증상으로는 부상 등 신체적 증상이 37.3%, 부정적 생각, 자신감 저하, 회피 등 심리적 증상이 41.4%, 지도자, 부모 등 대인관계 증상이 21.3%로 나타났다. 세부영역으로 가장 높은 빈도는 부상이었다. 트라우마 극복방법으로는 사고전환, 성공성취 경험 등 내적요인이 62.5%를 차지했고, 사회적지지, 보호 장비, 시간이 지남 등 외적요인이 37.5%로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study is to examine the cause and symptoms of trauma in university athletes and the methods to overcome it. In the first stage, 88 university athletes in soccer, basketball and baseball, and in the second stage, 96 intramural soccer players were selected to conduct frequently analysis on their experiences of trauma, the degree of severity, their causes and whether they overcame them or not; the differences were verified through chi-square and cross analysis. In addition, open-ended data research and inductive analysis on the content were performed to suggest the qualitative and quantitative results in complementary means. As a result, first, experience of trauma was the highest in baseball players at 86.6%, and the degree of severity was the highest in soccer players at 30.4%. In terms of the cause of trauma, trauma by injury was the highest in soccer players, followed by basketball and baseball, while basketball players experienced trauma frequently due to personal relationship and baseball players experienced trauma due to various situations. Second, 80% of intramural soccer players experienced trauma, which 25.2% responded that it was severe, and 59.2% of them responded that they did not overcome trauma. In terms of the symptoms of trauma, 37.3% was physical symptoms such as injuries, 41.4% was psychological symptoms such as negative thinking, decrease in confidence and avoidance, and 21.3% was personal relationship symptoms with coach, parents, etc. Specifically, the highest frequency was observed in injury. In terms of the methods to overcome trauma, 62.5% accounted for internal factors like change of thought and experience of achieving sucess, and 37.5% was external factors like social support, protective gear and apse of time. Results of this study can be utilized as basic data in sports trauma research, and was discussed in various perspectives.