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만 3-5세 담당 연령별 유아교사의 과학교육 실태 및 개선을 위한 요구Status and Needs for Improvement of Early Childhood Teachers' Science Education by Children's Age

Authors
조형숙노승희
Issue Date
Jun-2016
Publisher
중앙대학교 한국교육문제연구소
Keywords
science education; status of science education; needs for better science education; 유아과학교육; 과학교육 실태; 유아교사의 요구
Citation
한국교육문제연구, v.34, no.2, pp 181 - 205
Pages
25
Journal Title
한국교육문제연구
Volume
34
Number
2
Start Page
181
End Page
205
URI
https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/cau/handle/2019.sw.cau/8064
ISSN
1598-8317
Abstract
본 연구는 만 3-5세 담당 연령별 유아교사의 과학교육 실태 및 개선을 위한 요구에 대해 살펴봄으로써 연령별 누리과정에 기반한 과학교육 실천의 기초자료를 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 만 3, 4, 5세반 담임교사 9인과 포커스그룹 면담을 실시하여 자료를 수집했다. 연구결과 만 3, 4, 5세반 담임교사들은 공통적으로 ‘탐구하는 태도’를 강조하며 ‘동식물과 자연현상’에 관한 과학활동이 주로 이루어지고 있다고 보았다. 또한 교사들은 ‘관찰활동 중심의 만 3세반 과학교육’, ‘과학영역 중심의 만 4세반 과학교육’, ‘시범하기, 보여주기 위주의 만 5세반 과학활동’이 이루어진다고 보았다. 유아과학교육의 목적 및 목표로 만 3세반 교사들은 과학을 즐기며 과학적으로 생각하는 기초능력 기르기‘, 만 4, 5세반 교사의 경우 ‘창의성 기르기’, 만 5세반 교사는 ‘과학 과정기술 기르기’라고 인식하였다. 만 3, 4, 5세반 담임 교사들은 공통적으로 교수-학습자료가 부족하다고 보며 누리과정 지도서를 일부 활용하고는 있으나 과학적 지식과 연관된 활동이 함께 제시된 교육현장 중심의 실제적인 과학교수자료의 필요성을 인식하고 있었다. 유아교사들은 표준화된 키트형 과학활동 자료 개발 및 유아교사의 경력과 담당 유아의 연령을 고려한 세분화되고 전문화된 과학교육연수의 필요성을 제시하였다.
The purpose of this study is to identify status and needs for improvement of early childhood teachers' science education by children's age and to seek ways to support science education by teachers. To this end, the study conducted focus group interviews with 9 early childhood teachers as participants. All of them responded that the science education for young children include content about 'nurturing exploratory attitude‘ and scientific activities about 'animals, plants and nature'. As for teaching and learning methods, 3-year-old class teachers said the current science education in their class is focused on ‘observation activities’ and teachers of 4-year-old classes responded that science education is concentrated on ‘science center'. Teachers of 5-year-old classes said science education aims at exploratory activities but the education is actually delivered in demonstrations by teachers. In addition, participants agreed that there is a lack of teaching-learning materials. Regarding the purpose and goal of early childhood science education, teachers of 3-year-olds mentioned ‘fostering basic ability to think in a scientific way' and teachers of 4 and 5-year-old classes referred to ‘nurturing creativity'. Furthermore, teachers of 5-year-old classes recognized science education as ‘developing science process skills'. With regard to teacher education, teachers of 3-year-old classes called for ‘workshop-style training based on theme', 4-year-old class teachers wanted ‘science training based on the Nuri Curriculum' and teachers of 5-year-old classes asked for ‘case study education considering connectivity with elementary school science'.
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