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Genetic markers of severe cutaneous adverse reactionsopen access

Authors
Jung , Jae-WooKim, Jae-YeolPark, In-WonChoi, Byoung-WhuiKang, Hye-Ryun
Issue Date
Sep-2018
Publisher
KOREAN ASSOC INTERNAL MEDICINE
Keywords
Stevens-Johnson syndrome; Drug hypersensitivity syndrome; Pharmacogenetics; HLA antigens
Citation
KOREAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, v.33, no.5, pp 867 - 875
Pages
9
Journal Title
KOREAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
Volume
33
Number
5
Start Page
867
End Page
875
URI
https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/cau/handle/2019.sw.cau/818
DOI
10.3904/kjim.2018.126
ISSN
1226-3303
2005-6648
Abstract
Adverse drug reactions can cause considerable discomfort. They can be lifethreat-ening in severe cases, requiring or prolonging hospitalization, impeding proper treatment, and increasing treatment costs considerably. Although the incidence of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) is low, they can be serious, have permanent sequelae, or lead to death. A recent pharmacogenomic study confirmed that genetic factors can predispose an individual to SCARs. Genetic markers enable not only elucidation of the pathogenesis of SCARs, but also screening of susceptible subjects. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes associated with SCARs include HLA-B*57:01 for abacavir (Caucasians), HLA-B*58:01 for allopurinol (Asians), HLA-B* 15:02 (Han Chinese) and HLA-A*31:01 (Europeans and Koreans) for carbamazepine, HLA-B*59:01 for methazolamide (Koreans and Japanese), and HLA-B*13:01 for dapsone (Asians). Therefore, prescreening genetic testing could prevent severe drug hypersensitivity reactions. Large-scale epidemiologic studies are required to demonstrate the usefulness and cost-effectiveness of screening tests because their efficacy is affected by the genetic differences among ethnicities.
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의과대학 (의학부(임상-서울))
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