User-expected price-based demand response algorithm for a home-to-grid system
- Authors
- Li, Xiao Hui; Hong, Seung Ho
- Issue Date
- Jan-2014
- Publisher
- Pergamon Press Ltd.
- Keywords
- Demand response; Home-to-grid; Smart grid; User expected price
- Citation
- Energy, v.64, pp 437 - 449
- Pages
- 13
- Indexed
- SCI
SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- Energy
- Volume
- 64
- Start Page
- 437
- End Page
- 449
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/erica/handle/2021.sw.erica/24102
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.energy.2013.11.049
- ISSN
- 0360-5442
1873-6785
- Abstract
- Demand response algorithms can cut peak energy use, driving energy conservation and enabling renewable energy sources, as well as reducing greenhouse-gas emissions. The use of these technologies is becoming increasingly popular, especially in smart-grid scenarios. We describe a home-to-grid demand response algorithm, which introduces a UEP ("user-expected price") as an indicator of differential pricing in dynamic domestic electricity tariffs, and exploits the modern smart-grid infrastructure to respond to these dynamic pricing structures. By comparing the UEP with real-time utility price data, the algorithm can discriminate high-price hours and low-price hours, and automatically schedule the operation of home appliances, as well as control an energy-storage system to store surplus energy during low-price hours for consumption during high-price hours. The algorithm uses an exponential smoothing model to predict the required energy of appliances, and uses Bayes' theorem to calculate the probability that appliances will demand power at a given time based on historic energy-usage data. Simulation results using pricing structures from the Ameren Illinois power company show that the proposed algorithm can significantly reduce or even eliminate peak-hour energy consumption, leading to a reduction in the overall domestic energy costs of up to 39%. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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