Bisphenol Analogues in Sediments from Industrialized Areas in the United States, Japan, and Korea: Spatial and Temporal Distributions
- Authors
- Liao, Chunyang; Liu, Fang; Moon, Ho-Bang; Yamashita, Nobuyoshi; Yun, Sehun; Kannan, Kurunthachalam
- Issue Date
- Nov-2012
- Publisher
- AMER CHEMICAL SOC
- Keywords
- ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; ASIAN COUNTRIES; HUMAN EXPOSURE; TRACE ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; A CONTAMINATION; PAPER PRODUCTS; RIVER; DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS; ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY
- Citation
- ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, v.46, no.21, pp.11558 - 11565
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
- Volume
- 46
- Number
- 21
- Start Page
- 11558
- End Page
- 11565
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/erica/handle/2021.sw.erica/31365
- DOI
- 10.1021/es303191g
- ISSN
- 0013-936X
- Abstract
- Bisphenol analogues are used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Despite the widespread use of bisphenols, few studies have reported the occurrence of compounds other than bisphenol A (BPA) in sediment. In this study, concentrations and profiles of eight bisphenol analogues were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) in sediments collected from several industrialized areas in the United States (U.S.), Japan, and Korea. The total concentrations of bisphenols (Sigma BPs; sum of eight bisphenols) in sediment ranged from below the limit of quantitation (LOQ) to 25 300 ng/g dry weight (dw), with a mean value of 201 ng/g dw. Sediment samples from Lake Shihwa, Korea, contained the highest concentrations of both individual and total bisphenols. Among individual bisphenols, BPA and bisphenol F (BPF) were the predominant compounds, accounting for 64% and 30% of the total bisphenol concentrations in sediment. We also examined vertical profiles of concentrations of bisphenol analogues in sediment cores from the U.S. and Japan. Sediment cores from the U.S. showed a gradual decline in the concentrations of bisphenols as compared to the past decade. BPA concentrations were found to decline in a sediment core from Tokyo Bay, but bisphenol S (BPS) was more frequently detected in core sections that represent the most recent decade, which is consistent with the replacement of BPA with BPS in some applications since 2001 in Japan.
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