Optimal Control of Hybrid Electric Vehicles Based on Pontryagin's Minimum Principle
- Authors
- Kim, Namwook; Cha, Sukwon; Peng, Huei
- Issue Date
- Sep-2011
- Publisher
- IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
- Keywords
- Cost optimal control; dynamic programming (DP); fuel optimal control; Pontryagin maximum principle; road vehicle control
- Citation
- IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, v.19, no.5, pp.1279 - 1287
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY
- Volume
- 19
- Number
- 5
- Start Page
- 1279
- End Page
- 1287
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/erica/handle/2021.sw.erica/37206
- DOI
- 10.1109/TCST.2010.2061232
- ISSN
- 1063-6536
- Abstract
- A number of strategies for the power management of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are proposed in the literature. A key challenge is to achieve near-optimality while keeping the methodology simple. The Pontryagin's minimum principle (PMP) is suggested as a viable real-time strategy. In this brief, the global optimality of the principle under reasonable assumptions is described from a mathematical viewpoint. Instantaneous optimal control with an appropriate equivalent parameter for battery usage is shown to be possibly a global optimal solution under the assumption that the internal resistance and open-circuit voltage of a battery are independent of the state-of-charge (SOC). This brief also demonstrates that the optimality of the equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) results from the close relation of ECMS to the optimal-control-theoretic concept of PMP. In static simulation for a power-split hybrid vehicle, the fuel economy of the vehicle using the control algorithm proposed in this brief is found to be very close-typically within 1%-to the fuel economy through global optimal control that is based on dynamic programming (DP).
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