Porous Platinum Black-Coated Minimally Invasive Microneedles for Non-Enzymatic Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Interstitial Fluid
- Authors
- Chinnadayyala, S.R.; Cho, Sungbo
- Issue Date
- Jan-2021
- Publisher
- MDPI
- Keywords
- Chronoamperometry; Cyclic voltammetry; Electrodeposition; Glucose sensor; Microneedle electrode array; Platinum black
- Citation
- NANOMATERIALS, v.11, no.1, pp.1 - 15
- Journal Title
- NANOMATERIALS
- Volume
- 11
- Number
- 1
- Start Page
- 1
- End Page
- 15
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/79970
- DOI
- 10.3390/nano11010037
- ISSN
- 2079-4991
- Abstract
- Individuals with diabetes can benefit considerably from continuous blood glucose moni-toring. To address this challenge, a proof-of-concept was performed for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) based on an enzymeless porous nanomaterial (pNM)-modified microneedle electrode array (MNEA). The pNM sensing layer was electrochemically deposited on MNs by applying a fixed negative current of −2.5 mAcm˗2 for 400 s. The pNM-modified MNEA was packed using a biocompatible Nafion ionomer. The fabricated MNEAs were 600 × 100 × 150 µm in height, width, and thickness, respectively. The surfaces of the modified MNs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The fabricated MNEAs showed a wide dynamic range (1–30 mM) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and in artificial interstitial fluid (ISF), with good sensitivi-ties (PBS: 1.792 ± 0.25 µA mM−1 cm−2, ISF: 0.957 ± 0.14 µA mM−1 cm−2) and low detection limits (PBS: 7.2 µM, ISF: 22 µM). The sensor also showed high stability (loss of 3.5% at the end of 16 days), selectivity, and reproducibility (Relative standard deviations (RSD) of 1.64% and 0.70% for intra-and inter-assay, respectively) and a good response time (2 s) with great glucose recovery rates in ISF (98.7–102%). © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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