Long-Term Treatment of Cuban Policosanol Attenuates Abnormal Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response via Amyloid Plaques Reduction in 5xFAD Mice
- Authors
- Kim, Jin-Ho; Lim, Dong-Kyun; Suh, Yoo-Hun; Chang, Keun-A
- Issue Date
- Aug-2021
- Publisher
- MDPI
- Keywords
- policosanol; Alzheimer' s disease; 5xFAD mice; antioxidant effects; anti-inflammation; memory improvement
- Citation
- ANTIOXIDANTS, v.10, no.8
- Journal Title
- ANTIOXIDANTS
- Volume
- 10
- Number
- 8
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/82026
- DOI
- 10.3390/antiox10081321
- ISSN
- 2076-3921
- Abstract
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder resulting in cognitive decline or dementia, the number of patients with AD is continuously increasing. Although a lot of great progress has been made in research and development of AD therapeutics, there is no fundamental cure for this disease yet. This study demonstrated the memory-improving effects of Cuban policosanol (PCO) in 5xFAD mice, which is an animal model of AD. Following 4-months of treatment with PCO in 5xFAD mice, we found that the number of amyloid plaques decreased in the brain compared to the vehicle-treated 5xFAD mice. Long-term PCO treatment in 5xFAD mice resulted in the reduction of gliosis and abnormal inflammatory cytokines level (interleukin [IL]-1 beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha) in the cortex and hippocampus. Levels of lipid peroxide (4-hydroxynonenal [4-HNE]) and superoxide dismutase (SOD1 and SOD2) levels were also recoverd in the brains of PCO-treated 5xFAD mice. Notably, PCO administration reduced memory deficits in the passive avoidance test, as well as synaptic loss (PSD-95, synaptophysin) in 5xFAD mice. Collectively, we identified the potential effects of PCO as a useful supplement to delay or prevent AD progression by inhibiting the formation of A beta plaques in the brain.
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