Decreased regional gray matter volume in suicide attempters compared to suicide non-attempters with major depressive disorders

Abstract

Objective: This study investigated regional gray matter (GM) volume differences between suicide attempters and suicide non-attempters with major depressive disorder (MDD) and their relationship with psychological risk factors for suicidality. Methods: MDD patients with and without a suicide attempt history (n = 19 in each group) participated. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Clinical Global Impression (severity subscale), Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI), Risk-Rescue Rating (RRR), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Barrett Impulsivity Scale, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and Ways of Coping Checklist (WCCL) were administered. T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired to evaluate changes in GM volume. Voxel-based morphometry was performed using the SPM 8 software package. Two-sample t-tests were used during second-level group comparison analysis; partial correlation analysis controlling for gender and age identified associations between regional GM volume and psychological measures. Results: Suicide attempters exhibited significantly decreased GM volume in the left angular gyms (p < 0.001, uncorrected) and right cerebellum (p < 0.001, uncorrected). GM volume in the left angular gyms was inversely correlated with BHS scores (r = -0.55, p < 0.01) and positively correlated with the Seeking Social Support subscale of the WCCL (r = 0.43, p < 0.01). Conclusion: These fmdings provide evidence of a neural basis of suicidal behaviors in MDD. In particular, reduced GM volume in the left angular gyms may be a neurobiological marker of suicidality in depressed patients. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.