Cytokine-release kinetics of platelet-rich plasma according to various activation protocols
- Authors
- Roh, Y. H.; Kim, W.; Park, K. U.; Oh, J. H.
- Issue Date
- Feb-2016
- Publisher
- BRITISH EDITORIAL SOC BONE JOINT SURGERY
- Keywords
- platelet-rich plasma; cytokine; growth factor; kinetics; activation; preparation
- Citation
- BONE & JOINT RESEARCH, v.5, no.2, pp.37 - 45
- Journal Title
- BONE & JOINT RESEARCH
- Volume
- 5
- Number
- 2
- Start Page
- 37
- End Page
- 45
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/8610
- DOI
- 10.1302/2046-3758.52.2000540
- ISSN
- 2046-3758
- Abstract
- Objectives This study was conducted to evaluate the cytokine-release kinetics of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) according to different activation protocols. Methods Two manual preparation procedures (single-spin (SS) at 900 g for five minutes; double-spin (DS) at 900 g for five minutes and then 1500 g for 15 minutes) were performed for each of 14 healthy subjects. Both preparations were tested for platelet activation by one of three activation protocols: no activation, activation with calcium (Ca) only, or calcium with a low dose (50 IU per 1 ml PRP) of thrombin. Each preparation was divided into four aliquots and incubated for one hour, 24 hours, 72 hours, and seven days. The cytokine-release kinetics were evaluated by assessing PDGF, TGF, VEGF, FGF, IL-1, and MMP-9 concentrations with bead-based sandwich immunoassay. Results The concentration of cytokine released from PRP varied over time and was influenced by various activation protocols. Ca-only activation had a significant effect on the DS PRPs (where the VEGF, FGF, and IL-1 concentrations were sustained) while Ca/thrombin activation had effects on both SS and DS PRPs (where the PDGF and VEGF concentrations were sustained and the TGF and FGF concentrations were short). The IL-1 content showed a significant increase with Ca-only or Ca/thrombin activation while these activations did not increase the MMP-9 concentration. Conclusion The SS and DS methods differed in their effect on cytokine release, and this effect varied among the cytokines analysed. In addition, low dose of thrombin/calcium activation increased the overall cytokine release of the PRP preparations over seven days, relative to that with a calcium-only supplement or non-activation.
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