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Synergistic Immunostimulatory Activities of Probiotic Strains, Leuconostoc lactis and Weissella cibaria, and the Prebiotic Oligosaccharides They Produceopen access

Authors
Jeong, SeoyoungKwon, AyeonJeong, HuijinPark, Young-Seo
Issue Date
May-2023
Publisher
MDPI
Keywords
probiotics; prebiotics; synbiotics; immunostimulatory activity; lactic acid bacteria; Leuconostoc lactis; Weissella cibaria; oligosaccharides
Citation
MICROORGANISMS, v.11, no.5
Journal Title
MICROORGANISMS
Volume
11
Number
5
URI
https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/88403
DOI
10.3390/microorganisms11051354
ISSN
2076-2607
Abstract
Synbiotics contain health-beneficial bacteria, i.e., probiotics and prebiotics selectively utilized by the probiotics. Herein, three probiotic strains, Leuconostoc lactis CCK940, L. lactis SBC001, and Weissella cibaria YRK005, and the oligosaccharides produced by these strains (CCK, SBC, and YRK, respectively) were used to prepare nine synbiotic combinations. Macrophages (RAW 264.7) were treated with these synbiotic combinations and the corresponding lactic acid bacteria and oligosaccharides alone to evaluate the treatments' immunostimulatory activities. The level of nitric oxide (NO) production was significantly higher in the macrophages treated with the synbiotics than in those treated with the corresponding probiotic strains and the oligosaccharide alone. The immunostimulatory activities of the synbiotics increased regardless of the probiotic strain and the type of oligosaccharide used. The expressions of tissue necrosis factor- ff, interleukin-1 fi, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible NO synthase genes, and extracellular-signal-regulated and c-Jun N-terminal kinases were significantly higher in the macrophages treated with the three synbiotics than in those treated with the corresponding strains or with the oligosaccharides alone. These results indicate that the synergistic immunostimulatory activities of probiotics and the prebiotics they produced in the studied synbiotic preparations resulted from the activation of the mitogen-activated protein-kinase-signaling pathway. This study suggests the combined use of these probiotics and prebiotics in the development of synbiotic preparations as health supplements.
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