Development and validation of dietary atherogenic index using common carotid artery-intima-media thickness: A food frequency questionnaire-based longitudinal study in Korean adults
- Authors
- Hong, Jee Yeon; Kim, Yu-Mi; Shin, Min -Ho; Lee, Young Hoon; Om, Ae Son; Kim, Mi Kyung
- Issue Date
- Aug-2022
- Publisher
- PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
- Keywords
- Dietary atherogenic index; c-IMT; Hypothesis-driven dietary pattern; FFQ Hypothesis-driven index
- Citation
- NUTRITION RESEARCH, v.104, pp.55 - 65
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- NUTRITION RESEARCH
- Volume
- 104
- Start Page
- 55
- End Page
- 65
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/138344
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.04.006
- ISSN
- 0271-5317
- Abstract
- Dietary patterns based on pathways of diseases such as subclinical atherosclerosis can predict diet-disease associations better than dietary quality indices or data-driven indices. We aimed to develop and validate a novel dietary atherogenic index (DAI) in adults using the common carotid artery-intima media thickness (c-IMT) in Korean adults. Participants aged >= 40 years from the Yangpyeong cohort were enrolled in the development set (n = 1373). Two DAIs were developed using 38 predefined food groups as predictors and c-IMT as response variable, using stepwise linear regression (SLR) and reduced rank regression (RRR) models. Based on the associations between DAI and c-IMT, DAIs were then validated in the total, men, and women, internally in 1000 bootstrap sets, and externally in a set combined with 2 other populations (n = 2476). The DAI-S by SLR and the DAI-R by RRR included 7 anti-and 10 pro-inflammatory food groups and 2 anti-and 6 pro-inflammatory food groups, respectively. Total rice and white root kimchi were pro-inflammatory, and mushrooms, other beverages (mostly traditional beverages), poultry, processed seafood, and pizza/hamburger were anti-inflammatory in both the DAI-S and DAI-R. They were internally valid in the multivariable-adjusted models, showing a significant linear trend in all 3 sets; they were also valid in the bootstrap at 95% confidence interval. In the external validation, only the DAI-S was significantly associated with the c-IMT ( P trend = .0004, .0133, and .0212 in total, men, and women, respectively). This study indicated that DAIs, particularly DAI-S, may be useful for assessing the atherogenic potential of food-based total diets.
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