서울시 생활인구의 시간대별 혼합수준에 영향을 미치는 요인 분석

Abstract

본 연구는 서울시를 대상으로 시간대별 생활인구 혼합수준(Hour-based People Mix, HPM)에 대한 개념을통해, 시간대별 생활인구 혼합수준에 영향을 미치는 물리적인 환경요인을 평일, 주말, 일주일 전체에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. 이를위해, 본 연구는 2018년에 기록된 집계구 단위의 서울시 생활인구빅데이터 자료를 활용하며, 혼합수준의 측정을 위해 엔트로피 지표를 사용한다. 본 연구의 분석 결과를 바탕으로, 향후 도시공간을 보다 효과적으로 관리하고, 나아가 가로공간에서의 도시활력을 개선할 수 있는 정책적 시사점을 제시하고자 한다.

The concept of urban vitality is a critical factor in urban areas because it affects both the quality of life and urban sustainability. Regarding urban vitality at the street level, Jane Jacobs has asserted that it is highly dependent on the physical interaction between people, which may be determined by the built environment, including density, land-use mix levels, small blocks, and so on. In addition, she explained that higher urban vitality levels would activate the “eyes on the street”, which would lead to improved safety and livability of areas. Accordingly, in this study, we investigated the factors of the physical environment that determine the mixed levels of de facto populations on an hourly basis. To accomplish this, we used the de facto population data of Seoul as measured by a mobile phone network station in 2018. In addition, we developed an index that represents the Hour-based People Mix (HPM), level by applying the entropy concept. We also examined whether a higher land-use mix level could lead to a balanced temporal mix of de facto populations at a census block level. Analytical results revealed that a significant positive relationship exists between the HPM population and the mixed levels of land use. These results are in line with Jacob’s theory that mixing land-use types increases the urban vitality level. Regarding transportation facilities, areas with denser intersections and more bus stops showed higher mixed levels of hourly-based de facto populations. In addition, the numbers of sports and medical facilities were positively associated with the level of the HPM. Results of this study have policy implications that could balance the numbers of de facto populations throughout the day and contribute to greater urban vitality.