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An XAI method for convolutional neural networks in self-driving carsopen access

Authors
Kim, Hong-SikJoe, Inwhee
Issue Date
Aug-2022
Publisher
Public Library of Science
Citation
PLoS ONE, v.17, no.8 August, pp.1 - 17
Indexed
SCIE
SCOPUS
Journal Title
PLoS ONE
Volume
17
Number
8 August
Start Page
1
End Page
17
URI
https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/185395
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0267282
ISSN
1932-6203
Abstract
eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is a new trend of machine learning. Machine learning models are used to predict or decide something, and they derive output based on a large volume of data set. Here, the problem is that it is hard to know why such prediction was derived, especially when using deep learning models. It makes the models unreliable in the case of reliability-critical applications. So, it is required to explain how they derived such output. It is a reliability-critical application for self-driving cars because the mistakes made by the computers inside them can lead to critical accidents. So, it is necessary to adopt XAI models in this field. In this paper, we propose an XAI method based on computing and explaining the difference of the output values of the neurons in the last hidden layer of convolutional neural networks. First, we input the original image and some modified images of it. Then we derive output values for each image and compare these values. Then, we introduce the Sensitivity Analysis technique to explain which parts of the original image are needed to distinguish the category. In detail, we divide the image into several parts and fill these parts with shades. First, we compute the influence value on the vector indicating the last hidden layer of the model for each of these parts. Then we draw shades whose darkness is in proportion to the influence values. The experimental results show that our approach for XAI in self-driving cars finds the parts needed to distinguish the category of these images accurately.
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서울 공과대학 > 서울 컴퓨터소프트웨어학부 > 1. Journal Articles

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