金鎏의 국정운영론

Abstract

KIM, Ryu (1571~1648) not only participated in the Injo’s Coup of 1623, as a leading body, but also took upon the role as the Minister of Internal Affairs and the Minister of War during the early stages of the power, to contribute to stabilizing the internal affairs of the state, and assumed the heavy responsibility of instructing the military upon the occurrence of any risk within and outside the country. These contributions were recognized, and he was appointed many times as one of the three top government posts, and after his death, he was served and given ceremonial rites with King Injo at the Royal Ancestral Shrine. After the Coup, the demand for military strength increased in preparation for the attempt to capsizing of the power and military expansion of Manchus. During this process, skilled bodies, including meritorious subjects, were positioned as private soldiers. This group of private soldiers proposed the need to be organized, as they caused many negative effects. Certain parts were reorganized as public military, such as prince Eoyeonggun, and the private soldiers that were positioned, were given wages from the nation. Psychological war to dominate these public and private military groups fiercely progressed between KIM, Ryu and LEE, Gwi. When the rebellion of LEE, Gwal broke out, KIM, Ryu was given the general management of the military command. After handling the rebellion, KIM, Ryu proposed that the construction of a mountain fortress that passes from Uiju to Seoul must be hurried to prepare for the invasion of Manchus. Additionally, he suggested that a plan that places the military soldiers of the three Southern provinces of Joseon on front to Northwest, in case of a crisis, and to convert the land owned by the state to prepare costs needed at the Royal Palace as a farm cultivated in Hwanghae–do by stationary troops. The King chose from right and wrong to promote wise men, and stated that only those with the wisdom to overcome those with unjust thoughts must be positioned. He also opinionated that the state must be stabilized in the early years, by accommodating figures that passively participated in the rule of the King Gwanghaegun. Also, he opinionated that the outstanding minds must be employed as fourustic literati(sanlim) and specially appointed within the mountains away from worldly possessions. He also said that any suspicions related to treason of the prince Inseonggun must be strictly governed to eliminate the action of the power of the paternal and maternal relatives of the King as a threat to the stability of the nation. By opinionating the need for grant the academy a royal charter and the King’s benefits on private academies(seoweon) established in Paju, the hometown of YI,I, he contributed to the movement of securing the traditionalism of the political party of Seoin. By giving the opinion that the right to select the positions of own subjects of lower royal subjects to the ministers, he reinforced the rights of the ministers. He also said that the limping management of the political situation must be relieved by implementing the elongated term policy of the main positions within the government. He also took interest and effort in the activation of replacing internal positions, the assignment of important positions to military men, and the appointment of talents minds. There have been many cases where King Injo depended on KIM, Ryu, but KIM, Ryu did not unconditionally follow the opinions of King Injo, but led the policies with his own principles of operating the state. He opposed to the discussions of granting queenship to King Injo’s mother Gyewoongeung after her death, and opposed to the punishment of the crown princess Gangbin, which were voiced actions that did not compromise to the opinions of Injo. He chose the realistic method of agreeing to the installation of the Bonlimdaegun (later King Hyojong) as the crown prince, instead of the eldest grandson of a King in the direct line, or of supporting the advocacy of peace during the settling period of the Manchu Invasions. KIM, Ryu left many great achievements as an executive bureaucrat, however, displayed a typical executive bureaucrat’s work that lacked the will to fundamentally reform the political problems.