加耶와 樂浪

Abstract

During the period of the Han's Lolang County(Northwestern part of Korea) from the late 2nd century B.C. to the early 4th century A.D., the state of Gaya had been the important intermediate base of trade route that connected the Lolang with various places of Jinhan & Byeonhan(Southea－ stern part of Korea) and Wa(Ancient Japan). Gaya not only played a role of intermediate trade which delivered an advanced goods of Lolang to each places, but also supplied its own production, the narrow type iron axes or ingot iron, to their region. The formation of the small state of Gaya in Kimhae region was established under the process that had accumulated the profit of such an intermediate trade, and that had possessed the power of trade's control exclusively. We can saw the features as a chief of the small state in that big tomb's relics of wooden outer－coffin in the middle or latter half of 2nd century, The Gimhae Yangdong－ri's 162th tomb, and its burial accessaries, big type iron daggers, narrow type iron axes, china's bronze mirrors and long necklaces which were made by many glass jades. Thereafter, the Gaya cut a conspicuous figure in the small states of neighboring region. The power center of the Gimhae region was moved from Yangdong－ri to Daeseong－dong about the late 3rd century. In the relics of tombs of Daeseong－dong appeared bronze Scythian Kettles, bowl type helmet and a vertical rectangular plate armour which was made by bonding the long iron plates vertically, and that was a new features. The moment of such a change may also be provided through the Lolang region which had been an intermediate base of goods from china and its northern area. But in the year of 313 A.D., as Lolang had been swallowed up by Goguryeo, the leading power of Gimhae's state of Gaya, which had been developed through the long distance trade with Lolang at the southern area of the Korean Peninsula, began to be unsettled.