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Clinical Usefulness of a Cell-based Assay for Detecting Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibodies in Central Nervous System Inflammatory Disordersopen access

Authors
Seok, Jin MyoungWaters, PatrickJeon, Mi YoungLee, Hye LimBaek, Seol-HeePark, Jin-SungKang, Sa-YoonKwon, OhyunOh, JeeyoungKim, Byung-JoPark, Kyung-AhOh, Sei YeulKim, Byoung JoonMin, Ju-Hong
Issue Date
Jan-2024
Publisher
KOREAN SOC LABORATORY MEDICINE
Keywords
Autoantibody; Central nervous system disease; Immunoassay; Myelin oligo-dendrocyte glycoprotein
Citation
ANNALS OF LABORATORY MEDICINE, v.44, no.1, pp 56 - 63
Pages
8
Journal Title
ANNALS OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
Volume
44
Number
1
Start Page
56
End Page
63
URI
https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/sch/handle/2021.sw.sch/26010
DOI
10.3343/alm.2024.44.1.56
ISSN
2234-3806
2234-3814
Abstract
Background: The clinical implications of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoantibodies (MOG-Abs) are increasing. Establishing MOG-Ab assays is essential for effectively treating patients with MOG-Abs. We established an in-house cell-based assay (CBA) to detect MOG-Abs to identify correlations with patients' clinical characteristics. Methods: We established the CBA using HEK 293 cells transiently overexpressing fulllength human MOG, tested it against 166 samples from a multicenter registry of central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory disorders, and compared the results with those of the Oxford MOG-Ab-based CBA and a commercial MOG-Ab CBA kit. We recruited additional patients with MOG-Abs and compared the clinical characteristics of MOG-Ab-associated disease (MOGAD) with those of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Results: Of 166 samples tested, 10 tested positive for MOG-Abs, with optic neuritis (ON) being the most common manifestation (4/15, 26.7%). The in-house and Oxford MOG-Ab CBAs agreed for 164/166 (98.8%) samples (kappa= 0.883, P < 0.001); two patients (2/166, 1.2%) were only positive in our in-house CBA, and the CBA scores of the two laboratories correlated well (r=0.663, P < 0.001). The commercial MOG-Ab CBA kit showed one false negative and three false-positive results. The clinical presentation at disease onset differed between MOGAD and NMOSD; ON was the most frequent manifestation in MOGAD, and transverse myelitis was most frequent in NMOSD. Conclusions: The in-house CBA for MOG-Abs demonstrated reliable results and can potentially be used to evaluate CNS inflammatory disorders. A comprehensive, long-term study with a large patient population would clarify the clinical significance of MOG-Abs.
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