Anti-biofilm and Anti-Virulence Efficacy of Celastrol Against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
- Authors
- Kim, Hye-Rim; Lee, Dongsup; Eom, Yong-Bin
- Issue Date
- 2018
- Publisher
- Ivyspring International Publisher
- Keywords
- Celastrol; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; Anti-biofilm; Anti-virulence; Resistance-nodulation-division (RND)-type efflux pump
- Citation
- International Journal of Medical Sciences, v.15, no.6, pp 617 - 627
- Pages
- 11
- Journal Title
- International Journal of Medical Sciences
- Volume
- 15
- Number
- 6
- Start Page
- 617
- End Page
- 627
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/sch/handle/2021.sw.sch/6872
- DOI
- 10.7150/ijms.23924
- ISSN
- 1449-1907
- Abstract
- Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a multi-drug resistant opportunistic pathogen that causes nosocomial infections in immunocompromised patients. This pathogen is difficult to treat owing to its intrinsic multidrug resistance and ability to form antimicrobial-tolerant biofilms. In the present study, we aimed to assess the potential use of celastrol as a novel anti-biofilm and/or anti-virulence agent against S. maltophilia. Results showed that celastrol at its sub-inhibitory doses decreased biofilm formation and disrupt the established biofilms produced by S. maltophilia. Celastrol-induced decrease in biofilm formation was dose-dependent based on the results of the microtiter plate biofilm assays and confocal laser scanning microscopy. In addition, our data validated the anti-virulence efficacy of celastrol, wherein it significantly interfered with the production of protease and motility of S. maltophilia. To support these phenotypic results, transcriptional analysis revealed that celastrol down-regulated the expression of biofilm- and virulence- associated genes (smeYZ, fsnR, and bfmAK) in S. maltophilia. Interestingly, celastrol significantly inhibited the expression of smeYZ gene, which encodes the resistance-nodulation-division (RND)-type efflux pump, SmeYZ. Overall, our findings suggested that celastrol might be a promising bioactive agent for treatment of biofilm- and virulence-related infections caused by the multi-drug resistant S. maltophilia.
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