창업활동이 성장의도를 매개로 창업결과 만족에 미치는 영향 - 한･중 중소기업창업가의 특성비교를 중심으로 -

Abstract

There have been several efforts made to emphasize the assessment of individual behavior’s desirability, the expectancies of their outcomes and the expectancies themselves in entrepreneurial processes of new enterprises(Carter et al., 2003; Linda F. Edelman, et al.,2010). Based upon this expectancy theory, previous studies have developed the ‘process-oriented approach intended to analyze the processes of entrepreneurial activities’. This study aims to analyze empirically what are differences in the entrepreneurial activities,growth intentions and entrepreneurial outcome satisfaction in entrepreneurial processes of new enterprises between Korean and Chinese entrepreneurs in South Korea and China where different cultural and economic growth phases have been seen. For the purpose, a questionnaire survey was carried out with 379 Korean and Chinese entrepreneurs as respondents. Structural equation modeling was employed for empirical analyses, and the results are as follows. Found in this study, differences and similarities in the characteristics of entrepreneurs between Korean entrepreneurs and Chinese entrepreneurs are summarized as follows: first,there was significant difference in the effects of entrepreneurial activities on entrepreneurial outcome satisfaction between the two groups in the light that the research hypothesis of the path to finance success and roles in entrepreneurial activities among Chinese entrepreneurs was rejected.; second, there was no significant difference in the effects of entrepreneurial activities on growth intentions between the two groups, as significantly positive(+) effects were seen in both the group; third, there was no significant difference in the effects of growth intentions on entrepreneurial outcome satisfaction between Korean entrepreneur group and Chinese entrepreneur group, as the hypothesis of the path to independence and acknowledgement for growth intentions was rejected in both the groups.; and, finally, there were some differences between the two groups in the roles of variables mediating between the entrepreneurial activities of growth intentions and the entrepreneurial outcome satisfaction because different mediating effects were observed by sub-factors. The results of this study are considered meaningful in clarifying the entrepreneurial process characteristics of Korean and Chinese entrepreneurs in the manner of applying Expectancy theory of the process-oriented approaches. Specifically, it was expected that there would be statistically significant differences in entrepreneurial characteristics between Korean entrepreneur group and Chinese entrepreneur group owing to noticeable differences in their cultural or economic settings, and an empirical analysis of entrepreneurs engaging actually in the industries also shows that there are significant differences between the two groups in the path to finance success and roles in entrepreneurial activities and even the effects of entrepreneurial activities on entrepreneurial outcome satisfaction by the medium of growth intentions. Therefore, the results above suggest that it is required to choose carefully appropriate political supports by venture/entrepreneurship fostering organizations according to different characteristics of entrepreneurs in Korea and China.