Inhibition of Melanogenesis by Xanthium strumarium L.
- Authors
- Li, Hailan; Min, Young Sil; Park, Kyoung-Chan; Kim, Dong-Seok
- Issue Date
- Apr-2012
- Publisher
- TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
- Keywords
- melanogenesis; tyrosinase; microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF); Xanthium strumarium; glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3 beta)
- Citation
- BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY, v.76, no.4, pp 767 - 771
- Pages
- 5
- Journal Title
- BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
- Volume
- 76
- Number
- 4
- Start Page
- 767
- End Page
- 771
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/cau/handle/2019.sw.cau/20432
- DOI
- 10.1271/bbb.110894
- ISSN
- 0916-8451
1347-6947
- Abstract
- Xanthium strumarium L. (Asteraceae) is traditionally used in Korea to treat skin diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of a X. strumarium stem extract on melanin synthesis. It inhibited melanin synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner, but it did not directly inhibit tyrosinase, the rate-limiting melanogenic enzyme, and instead downregulated microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase expression. MITF, the master regulator of pigmentation, is a target of the Wnt signaling pathway, which includes glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3 beta) and beta-catenin. Hence, the influence of X. strumarium stem extract on GSK3 beta and beta-catenin was further investigated. X. strumarium induced GSK3 beta phosphorylation (inactivation), but the level of beta-catenin did not change. Moreover, a specific GSK3 beta inhibitor restored X. strumarium-induced melanin reduction. Hence, we suggest that X. strumarium inhibits melanin synthesis through downregulation of tyrosinase via GSK3 beta phosphorylation.
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