Anti-inflammatory action of phenolic compounds from Gastrodia elata root
- Authors
- Lee, Ji Yun; Jang, Young Woon; Kang, Hyo Sook; Moon, Hee; Sim, Sang Soo; Kim, Chang Jong
- Issue Date
- Oct-2006
- Publisher
- PHARMACEUTICAL SOC KOREA
- Keywords
- Gastrodia elata; phenolic compounds; anti-inflammatory activity; anti-oxidant activity
- Citation
- ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH, v.29, no.10, pp 849 - 858
- Pages
- 10
- Journal Title
- ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH
- Volume
- 29
- Number
- 10
- Start Page
- 849
- End Page
- 858
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/cau/handle/2019.sw.cau/24275
- DOI
- 10.1007/BF02973905
- ISSN
- 0253-6269
1976-3786
- Abstract
- Previous screening of the pharmacological action of Gastrodia elata (GE) root (Orchidaceae) showed that methanol (MeOH) extracts have significant anti-inflammatory properties. The anti-inflammatory agents of GE, however, remain unclear. In this experiment, MeOH extracts of GE were fractionated with organic solvents for the anti-inflammatory activity-guided separation of GE. Eight phenolic compounds from the ether (EtOEt) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions were isolated by column chromatography: 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (1), 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (II), benzyl alcohol (III), bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl) methane (IV), 4(4'-hydroxybenzyloxy)benzyl methylether (V), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol (VI), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (VII), and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid (VIII). To investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity of these compounds, their effects on carrageenan-induced paw edema, arachidonic acid (AA)-induced ear edema and analgesic activity in acetic acid (HAc)-induced writhing response were carried out in vivo, cyclooxygenase (COX) activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL 2H3) cells and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydroazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity were determined in vitro. These phenolic compounds not only had anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in vivo, but also inhibited COX activity and silica-induced ROS generation in a dose-dependent manner. Among these phenolic compounds, compound VII was the most potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic. Compound VII significantly inhibited silica-induced ROS generation and compound VI significantly increased DPPH radical scavenging activity. Compounds 1, 11 and III significantly inhibited the activity of COX-I and II. These results indicate that phenolic compounds of GE are anti-inflammatory, which may be related to inhibition of COX activity and to anti-oxidant activity. Consideration of the structure-activity relationship of the phenolic derivatives from GE on the anti-inflammatory action revealed that both C-4 hydroxy and C-3 methoxy radicals of benzyl alclehyde play an important role in anti-inflammatory activities.
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