마사 힐(Martha Hill)이 미국 대학 무용교육 발전에 미친 영향

Abstract

The American modern dance in the beginning of the 20th century settled down as a genre of dance arts and it also contributed much to the development of college dance education. This was because the creation process and expressions of the new art form of modern dance engaged with social changes and thereby gave influence on arts and education simultaneously. At that time, many modern dancers such as Martha Graham, Doris Humphrey and Hanya Holm, etc. taught students dance at colleges as well as performed their works on the stage. As such, the very person who supported professional modern dancers actively so that they would be able to teach dance to college students and gave great influence on firm settlement of dance department at colleges was Martha Hill (1900-1995). Hill held various posts in succession such as the responsible person of the Dept. of Dance, New York University (1930-1951) and the Dean of the Dept. of Dance, Bennington College (1932-1951). In 1951, she established the Dept. of Dance at the Juilliard School and became the Dean of the department in 1985. In addition, from 1934, through the summer dance festival at the Bennington College, she was a help to propagating art dance academically and also established the Dept. of Dance at Connecticut University (1948-1952). As such, Hill established departments of dance at various universities and did a central role for the American dance education, and by holding dance festivals, she continuously provided students with opportunities for learning dance from famous dancers of those days. From 1930s, a department of dance began to be gradually established at the American colleges. As to the trend of college dance education, dance educators of those days were divided into two branches such as pursuit for dance arts asserted by Hill and pursuit for dance studies asserted by H'Doubler. After long time, now such issues are argued even in our country, so study of Hill is thought to be an opportunity for us to reconfirm our determination of the trend of dance education. It is certain that view on education of Hill pursuing for dance arts had enormous influence on the development of the American college dance education. The purpose of this study is to exam Martha Hill's influence on the development of the American college dance education. This study illustrates her view on education and characteristics of the educational courses of New York University, Bennington College and Juilliard School where she established dance programs. Also, Hill's contribution to the American college dance education is explained.