SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibody and T Cell Response Kinetics According to Symptom Severityopen access
- Authors
- Kim, Ji Yeun; Kwon, Ji-Soo; Bae, Seongman; Cha, Hye Hee; Lim, Joon Seo; Kim, Min-Chul; Chung, Jin-Won; Park, Se Yoon; Lee, Myung Jin; Kim, Baek-Nam; Jung, Jiwon; Kim, Min-Jae; Shin, Eui-Cheol; Kim, Sung-Han
- Issue Date
- Aug-2021
- Publisher
- AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
- Citation
- AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE, v.105, no.2, pp 395 - 400
- Pages
- 6
- Journal Title
- AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
- Volume
- 105
- Number
- 2
- Start Page
- 395
- End Page
- 400
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/cau/handle/2019.sw.cau/49224
- DOI
- 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1594
- ISSN
- 0002-9637
1476-1645
- Abstract
- Data on the longevity of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are limited. We evaluated the detailed kinetics of antibody and T-cell responses at the acute, convalescent, and post-convalescent phases in COVID-19 patients with a wide range of severity. We enrolled patients with COVID-19 prospectively from four hospitals and one community treatment center between February 2020 and January 2021. symptom severity was classified as mild, moderate, or severe/critical. Patient blood samples were collected at 1 week (acute), 1 month (convalescent), and 2 months after symptom onset (post-convalescent). Human SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies were measured using in-house-developed ELISA. The SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses against overlapping peptides of spike proteins and nucleoprotein were measured by interferon-g enzyme-linked immunospot assays. Twenty-five COVID-19 patients were analyzed (mild, n = 5; moderate, n = 9; severe/critical, n = 11). IgM and IgG antibody responses peaked at 1 month after symptom onset and decreased at 2 months. IgG response levels were significantly greater in the severe/critical group compared with other groups. Interferon-g-producing T-cell responses increased between 1 week and 1 month after symptom onset, and had a trend toward decreasing at 2 months, but did not show significant differences according to severity. Our data indicate that SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses were greater in those with severe symptoms and waned after reaching a peak around 1 month after symptom onset. However, SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses were not significantly different according to symptom severity, and decreased slowly during the post-convalescent phase.
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