Establishment of three-dimensional bioprinted bladder cancer-on-a-chip with a microfluidic system using bacillus calmette–guérinopen access
- Authors
- Kim, Jung Hoon; Lee, Seungjin; Kang, Su Jeong; Choi, Young Wook; Choi, Se Young; Park, Joong Yull; Chang, In Ho
- Issue Date
- Aug-2021
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Keywords
- 3D bioprinting; BCG vaccine; Intravesical administration; Urinary bladder neoplasms
- Citation
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, v.22, no.16
- Journal Title
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Volume
- 22
- Number
- 16
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/cau/handle/2019.sw.cau/49480
- DOI
- 10.3390/ijms22168887
- ISSN
- 1661-6596
1422-0067
- Abstract
- Immunotherapy of bladder cancer is known to have favorable effects, although it is difficult to determine which patients will show a good response because of the different tumor microenvi-ronments (TME). Here, we developed a bladder cancer-on-a-chip (BCOC) to mimic the TME using three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting and microfluidic technology. We fabricated a T24 and a 5637-cell line-based BCOC that also incorporated MRC-5, HUVEC, and THP-1 cells. We evaluated the effects of TME and assessed the immunologic reactions in response to different concentrations of Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) via live/dead assay and THP-1 monocytic migration, and concentrations of growth factors and cytokines. The results show that cell viability was maintained at 15% filling density in circle-shaped cell constructs at 20 µL/min microfluidic flow rate. A 3D co-culture increased the proliferation of BCOCs. We found that the appropriate time to evaluate the viability of BCOC, concentration of cytokines, and migration of monocytes was 6 h, 24 h, and three days after BGC treatment. Lastly, the immunotherapeutic effects of BCOC increased according to BCG dosage. To predict effects of immunotherapeutic agent in bladder cancer, we constructed a 3D bioprinted BCOC model. The BCOC was validated with BCG, which has been proven to be effective in the immunotherapy of bladder cancer. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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Collections - College of Engineering > School of Mechanical Engineering > 1. Journal Articles
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