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정서적 공감척도의 타당화 및 차별기능문항 탐색Validation of the Emotional Empathy Scale using Rasch Rating Scale Model

Authors
설현수김동민이수현
Issue Date
Aug-2006
Publisher
한국교육평가학회
Keywords
정서적 공감척도; 차별기능문항 분석; Rasch 모형; Emotional empathy scale; DIF; Differential Item Functioning; Rasch rating scale model
Citation
교육평가연구, v.19, no.2, pp 179 - 201
Pages
23
Journal Title
교육평가연구
Volume
19
Number
2
Start Page
179
End Page
201
URI
https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/cau/handle/2019.sw.cau/28950
ISSN
1226-3540
2713-8712
Abstract
본 연구는 정서적 공감과 관련한 실증적 연구에 대표적으로 활용되고 있는 한국어판 Mehrabian & Epstein(1972)의 정서적 공감척도(emotional empathy scale)의 측정학적 특성을 검토해 보고, 그 개선점을 찾아보고자 한 것이었다. 분석결과를 제시하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 원 척도는 9점 척도로 제작되었지만, 본 연구에서 5점 척도로 변환해서 분석한 결과 5점 평정척도가 비교적 잘 기능하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 문항적합도 분석결과, 1개 문항을 제외한 32개의 문항적합도 지수가 양호한 결과를 보였지만, 피험자×문항분포도에서 11개의 문항들이 피험자들의 정서적 공감정도를 전혀 변별하지 못하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 성별에 따라서 6개의 문항이 차별적으로 기능하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 상담전공여부에 따라 15개의 문항들의 난이도 추정치가 통계적으로 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 제시된 양적 연구결과를 기초로 해서 차별기능 원인에 대한 내용분석을 포함하는 질적인 분석이 요청된다.
The purpose of the present study was to examine the psychometric functions of 33 items of the Emotional Empathy Scale(Mehrabian & Epstein, 1972) using Rating Scale Model(Andrich, 1978). Followings are the three main findings. First, an examination of the person-item target structure for the Emotional Empathy Scale showed a substantial number of items were not closely targeted on the persons(i. e., some items were too easy). This situation was reflected in the person separation reliability. The person separation reliability of 0.65 in this study was considered low. Second, the joint display of the expected and empirical ICC revealed that the data fit the model. If the data fit the model we could expect 19 or more out of 20 x's to be within the 95% confidence interval. The result indicated that most of the dots(x) was located within the 95% confidence interval along the expected score ICC. Third, an examination of the rating scale characteristics showed that thresholds increased monotonically across the rating scale and the item fit statistics indicated that all 33 items were located within the criteria (0.5<fit<1.5). Fourth, the results of DIF(Differential Item Functioning) indicated that almost half items of all 33 items in the analysis of counselor variable were detected as biased items. However, fewer number of items in the analysis of gender variable were detected as biased items. In conclusion, the Korean version Emotional Empathy Scale needs changes in item level to utilize in the future studies. In particular, the low reliability requires a cautious use of this scale.
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